Forging Features
Forging is one of the two main components of forging (forging and stamping), which uses forging machinery to exert pressure on the metal billet to produce plastic deformation to obtain a certain mechanical properties, a certain shape and size of forgings. Forging can eliminate the defects of the metal in the process of smelting and optimize the microstructure. At the same time, the mechanical properties of the forgings are generally better than those of castings of the same material because of the preservation of the complete metal streamline. In the related machinery, the important parts with high load and severe working conditions, in addition to the simple shape can be rolled plate, profile or welding parts, more forgings are used.
The role of forging the use of metal plasticity of the metal billet to exert external force, so that it produces plastic deformation, change the size, shape and improve the performance, used to manufacture mechanical parts, workpiece, tools or blank forming processing method is forging.
1. Refined grain: metal is composed of grains, grains are connected by grain boundaries, the more grain boundaries, the more solid the metal bonding. When the metal is forged, the coarse cast grains change into smaller forged grains, which increases the number of grain boundaries, improves the strength and hardness of the metal, and also improves the mechanical properties of the metal.
2. Change of inclusion morphology: inclusion inside the metal is regarded as the source of crack, which affects the mechanical properties and service life of the metal. Through forging, the granular inclusions can be changed into strips or lines, so as to reduce the internal stress and its influence on the mechanical properties of metals.
3. Forging internal defects: Forging can compaction the loose metal internal, porosity forging, improve the strength, hardness and toughness of the metal, prolong the service life of the metal.
4. Elimination of segregation: the segregation of ingot makes the performance of each part different, seriously affecting the performance of the metal, through forging can partially or completely eliminate segregation, reduce the segregation area, reduce the influence of segregation on the mechanical properties of the metal.
5. Change the direction of the metal fiber: forging can make the direction of the metal fiber distributed along the shape of the forging, and improve the strength, hardness and toughness of the metal.
